ASTM D1693 Environmental Stress Cracking of Ethylene Plastics
Information: ASTM D1693 is a standard test method used to determine the environmental stress cracking resistance (ESCR) of plastic materials. The test is designed to simulate the conditions that cause stress cracking in plastics, such as exposure to certain chemicals, temperatures, and mechanical stress. The standard is commonly used in the plastics industry to evaluate the performance of plastic materials and to ensure that they meet the requirements of specific applications.
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Introduction to ASTM D1693
ASTM D1693 is a standard test method used to evaluate the environmental stress cracking resistance (ESCR) of plastic materials. Stress cracking is a phenomenon that occurs when plastic materials are exposed to certain chemicals, temperatures, and mechanical stress. This can lead to premature failure of plastic components in various applications. The purpose of the ASTM D1693 test is to evaluate the resistance of plastic materials to stress cracking under specific conditions. The results obtained through this method are specially used for quality control, reliability checks, performance evaluation, and specification purposes. The cracking obtained with the test reagent in the ASTM D1693 test indicates the effects of a wide variety of surface-active agents, soaps, and organic substances that remain unabsorbed by a polymer surface after direct exposure.
Environmental stress cracking is a standard mode of failure in plastic materials that can occur due to certain chemicals or environmental factors. ASTM D1693 provides a standardized test method to evaluate the ESCR of plastic materials in the presence of a specific type of stress-cracking agent.
ASTM D1693 Test Method
The ASTM D1693 test method involves subjecting plastic specimens to a specific environment that is known to cause stress cracking. The test is conducted in two steps, as shown in the table below:
Conditioning of specimen
The plastic specimen is prepared and conditioned in the test environment for a specified period of time. The conditioning time can vary depending on the type of plastic and the test conditions.
ESCR Calculation
The plastic specimen is then subjected to tensile stress until it fails. The time to failure is recorded and used to calculate the environmental stress cracking resistance (ESCR) of the plastic material.
During the test, the plastic specimen is immersed in a specific chemical solution or exposed to a specific temperature and humidity for a specified period of time. The chemical solution or environment is chosen based on the application of the plastic material and the type of stress cracking it may be exposed to.
ASTM D1693 Specimens
Specimen Details
ASTM D1693 test specimens are in various shapes, including dumbbell-shaped specimens, circular discs, or rectangular bars. The size of the specimen is made to accommodate the testing equipment and to provide adequate statistical data.
Specimen dimensions
The dimensions of the specimens for ASTM D1693 can vary depending on the type of plastic material being tested.
Specimen preparation
Specimens are cut into the specified dimensions, shaped into the dumbbell, and then conditioned.
ASTM D1693 Results
The environmental stress-cracking resistance (ESCR) of the plastic material is determined by the time to failure of the specimen. The longer the time to fail, the greater the ESCR of the plastic material will be. The results can be used to compare the ESCR of different plastic materials or to evaluate the effect of different stress-cracking agents on the same material.
Tests related to ASTM D1693 ASTM D1693 is related to several other ASTM standards that evaluate the performance of plastic materials, such as ASTM D638 for the tensile properties of plastics, ASTM D790 for the flexural properties of plastics, and ASTM D256 for the impact resistance of plastics. These standards are used in conjunction with ASTM D1693 to evaluate the overall performance of plastic materials in various applications.
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