MaTestLab > Test Standards > ASTM D790 Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
ASTM D790 Flexural Properties of Unreinforced and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
ASTM D790 is a test method that determines the flexural (bending) properties of unreinforced and reinforced plastics, high-modulus composites, and electrical insulation materials.
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Introduction to ASTM D790
ASTM D790 is a test method designed to measure the flexural properties of plastics (unreinforced and reinforced) and electrical insulating materials for quality control and specification purposes. Flexural properties of unreinforced and reinforced plastics, including high-modulus composites and electrical insulating materials are determined by this test method. Specimens used in the ASTM D790 test method must be solid and uniformly rectangular. The results obtained are especially used for quality control and specification purposes. Flexural Stress (σf), Flexural Strength (σfM), Flexural Stress at Break (σfB), Flexural Strain (ɛf), and Modulus of Elasticity of specimens are determined using the ASTM D790 test method.
ASTM D790 test method is generally applicable to semi-rigid and rigid materials, still, it cannot determine flexural strength for materials that do not break or yield in the outer surface of the test specimen within the 5.0% strain limit.
ASTM D790 Test Method
This test method utilizes a universal testing machine (UTM), a three point bend fixture (a three-point loading system) to apply a load to the plastic specimen causing it to bend. The specimen is a simply supported beam. The specimen rests on two supports and is loaded by means of a loading nose midway between the supports. ASTM D790 test parameters, based on sample thickness, are support span, loading speed, and max deflection.
Test procedure at ambient temperature
The specimen is first placed on the span of the UTM and then an impact at the center is set up by the loading nose causing three-point bending. The test is stopped when the sample either reaches 5% deflection or breaks before reaching 5%.
Test procedure at elevated or reduced temperature
The UTM has an installed thermal machine. The chamber has built-in heaters for elevating the temperatures. For reduced temperatures, the chamber uses CO2 as a coolant. The thermal chamber allows the specimen to be mounted from the base as well as the crosshead of the machine. This arrangement enables test mounts to pass through the top and bottom of the chamber. Set test fixtures are installed inside the chamber. Testing is conducted inside the chamber at required temperatures.
ASTM D790 Specimens
Specimen details
ASTM D790 Specimens must be solid and uniformly rectangular.
Specimen dimensions
The general sample size for ASTM is 3.2 mm × 12.7 mm × 125 mm (approximately 0.125 inch × 0.5 inch × 5.0 inch).
Specimen preparation
Specimens are injection molded or, cut from molded or extruded sheets or plates, or cut from molded or extruded shapes.
ASTM D790 Results
This test method evaluates Flexural Stress (σf), Flexural Strain (εf) and Flexural Strength (σfM), Flexural Offset Yield Strength, Flexural Stress at Break (σfB), Stress at a Given Strain of the plastic specimens. This test also measures Tangent Modulus of Elasticity (also known as modulus of elasticity), Secant Modulus, and Chord Modulus (Ef) of plastic materials. Flexural properties vary with specimen depth, temperature, atmospheric conditions, and strain rate.
Tests related to ASTM D790
ISO 178 is similar to ASTM D790. As per the ASTM D790 test method, the test is stopped if the sample reaches 5% deflection or breaks before reaching 5%. As per ISO 178, the test is ceased when the sample ultimately breaks. If the sample does not break, the test is continued, and the stress measured at 3.5% (conventional deflection) is recorded. Specimen size for ISO 178 is 10 mm × 4 mm × 80 mm.
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The required number of samples or specimens should comply with the procedure given in the astm d790 standard. However, the MaTestLab operations team can assist you for your special requirements once you share your testing details with us.
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