MaTestLab > Test Standards > ASTM D1653 Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Organic Coating Films
Last updated 14th November 2025
ASTM D1653 Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Organic Coating Films
ASTM D1653 test procedures allow for the measurement of the water vapor transmission rate through paint, varnish, lacquer, and other organic coating films. The films might be free-standing, or they could be put on porous surfaces. Test methods A (the dry cup method) and test method B (the wet cup method) are two methods listed in the test methods ASTM D1653 standard. The techniques used in the ASTM D1653 test methods are crucial for quality control and long-term preservation of coated surfaces, estimating water vapor passage rates, and evaluating coating resistance to moisture-related issues like blistering, peeling, or delamination.
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ASTM D1653 Introduction
The capability of an organic coating to resist or aid the passage of water vapor through it is one of the factors deciding the performance of the coating. A variety of coatings has to allow moderate amounts of water vapor to pass through the film without damaging it. Hence, the water vapor transmission characteristics of coatings are important in assessing their performance in practical use. The ASTM D1653 standard test methods assess the water vapor transmission characteristics of organic coating films, ensuring their effectiveness and longevity in various applications like paints, varnishes, and protective layers. he films may be free films or they may be applied to porous substrates.
The purpose of ASTM D1653 test methods is to obtain values of water vapor transfer through coatings that range in permeability from high to low. These values are for use in the design, manufacture, and marketing of coatings. The techniques used in the ASTM D1653 test methods are crucial for quality control and long-term preservation of coated surfaces, estimating water vapor passage rates, and evaluating coating resistance to moisture-related issues like blistering, peeling, or delamination.
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Get Certified ASTM D1653 for Uncompromising Quality and Project Success
ASTM D1653 certification shows that a company follows the world-recognized standards when assessing coating permeability and barrier performance. It guarantees uniform and approved testing procedures by all laboratories, and they generate dependable and similar data. Organizations that are certified using this approach are able to have confidence in the protective nature of their coats, reduce untimely failures, and improve the image of their products. ASTM D1653 certification is also used with environmental and durability standards in other industries like construction, marine, and automotive coatings.
ASTM D1653 Testing Procedure and Requirements
Specimen Selection
Test specimens of the organic coating film are prepared to be spotless, flat, and devoid of flaws. Homogeneity in thickness is ensured, and they are made to be typical of the coating application.
Test Methods
Two test methods are covered in Test Methods D1653. Test Method A, The Dry Cup Method, is the preferred test method for obtaining values that relate to conventional dwellings where high relative humidities are not anticipated. Test Method B—The Wet Cup Method is the preferred test method for obtaining values that relate to applications where high relative humidities are anticipated in the vicinity of the barrier material.
Apparatus
Test cups containing either desiccant or water are sealed with the coated specimen and placed in a controlled humidity chamber.
Water Vapor Transmission Test
A water vapor transmission testing apparatus is calibrated and placed securely. The average transmission rate is measured for 24 hours, and the results are analyzed to evaluate the organic coating film’s performance and compare it to industry standards.
Interpretation
Lower WVT values indicate better moisture barrier performance of the coating.
Scope of ASTM D1653
Discusses ways of measuring the transmission rate of water vapour through free films or films deposited on substrates.
Relevant to paints, varnishes, lacquers, and polymeric coverings to be applied to protect and decorate.
Gives protocols to use in assessing the coating on areas exposed to humidity or moisture. Applicable in study, quality management, and product evaluation to determine product permeability.
ASTM D1653 Equipment and Sample Preparation
Specimen Details
Organic coating film on an appropriate substrate (e.g., metal, glass, or polymer). Coating laid down to a uniform thickness and hardened in accordance with manufacturer instructions; specimen held to the test cup with wax or / gasket material
Specimen Dimensions
Common dimensions include metal panels (75-100 mm width, 150-200mm length), thickness according to desired organic coating film thickness, and glass slides (25-50 mm width, 75-100 mm length, 1-1.5 mm thickness).
Specimen Dimensions
Typically 65–80 mm diameter and 0.05–0.2 mm thick films
Use of ASTM D1653
Test protective applications of moisture barriers of coatings.
Assists in the comparison of various coating formulations of water resistance.
Helps in forecasting the service life and performance of coatings in humid conditions.
Favours research and development in the enhancement of coating permeability and composition.
Common Challenges and Troubleshooting in ASTM D1653
Non-uniform coating thickness, temperature, and humidity variation, and water vapour transmission measurements are challenges faced during testing. Troubleshooting is also done through the recalibration of equipment, sealing test assemblies, and ensuring that the desiccant is fresh so as not to skew results.
ASTM D1653 Testing Technique, Process, and Data Collection
When testing, the weight of the test cup is checked at points in time to check the speed of the movement of water vapour through the coating. Data are plotted as weight change versus time, and the linear part of the curve is used to determine WVT. The precision of the data is guaranteed using statistical analysis, whereas the inspection of the coating after the test can reveal the defects, or pinholes, which can affect the results. The obtained data can be used to rank the coatings in terms of their water resistance and permeability.
Analysis Results and Interpretation for ASTM D1653
ASTM D1653 testing results suggest the efficiency of a coating as a vapour block. The best coating to use in corrosion protection is one that has a low water vapor transmission rate. In contrast, a higher rate can be tolerated in breathable surfaces. The data gives a great insight into the formulation of coating, effects on thickness, and efficiency in curing. These interpretations assist the coating manufacturers in optimizing the formulations, trying to suit certain environmental conditions and end-use applications.
Problem & The Solution for ASTM D1653
One of the principal troubles is the wrong size of WVT due to leakages or an inadequate specimen closure. The treatment right here is to make use of trustworthy sealing materials, test movie integrity before testing, and ensure the presence of regular environmental conditions. Following ASTM D1653 protocols will ensure that the assessment of coating permeability is correct and the overall performance predictions are true.
Factors to Consider for ASTM D1653
Speed: Automated weight measurement approaches and controlled humidity spaces speed up testing while maintaining accuracy.
Expert: A skilled person performing the coating would ensure that the film is applied correctly, sealed, and the calibration procedure is correctly performed to get similar data.
Cost: ASTM D1653-certified tests will reduce field failures, enhance the reliability of the product, and lower the costs of coating maintenance or replacement meetings.
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The turnaround time for astm d1653 test methodology depends upon the test procedure mentioned in the standard test document. However, we at MaTestLab understand your research requirements and hence try to get your test completed within the least possible time.
Where can I get the astm d1653 tested?
You can share your astm d1653 testing requirements with MaTestLab. MaTestLab has a vast network of material testing laboratories, spread across the USA and Canada. We support your all material testing needs ranging from specific astm d1653 test to various testing techniques.
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