ASTM D2842 Standard Test Method for Water Absorption of Rigid Cellular Plastics

    What Is ASTM D2842? Test Method Overview and Scope

    ASTM D2842 is one of the important quality control and design assessment tools in the world of polymers. Cellular foams (e.g, polyurethane, polystyrene, polyisocyanurate foams) are also very common as rigid cellular plastics that offer lightweight insulation. But they can perform poorly if moisture penetration is high.

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    This standard measures the proportion of water that a specimen absorbs when immersed under specified temperature and pressure conditions for a given period. Manufacturers and engineers can use the findings to optimize formulations and structures, making them resistant to damage and moisture while ensuring long-term stability in harsh conditions.

    Immersion ConditionsSpecimens are immersed in distilled water at 23 +/-2 °C under 96 +/-2 hours full contact with the surface.
    Procedure of measurementThe initial dry mass is measured, the sample is immersed, and the sample’s dry mass is determined. Water absorption depends on the percentage of increase in the mass.
    Calculation FormulaWater absorption (%) = (Wet mass – Dry mass)/ Dry mass) x 100, which is an expression of the amount of water taken up by the specimen.
    ASTM D2842 Testing Lab in US

    D2842 Equipment and Sample Preparation – Step-by-Step Guide

    Test ApparatusAn analytical balance of 0.001 g accuracy, a distilled water bath, and a temperature control unit of 23 °C.
    Preparation of SpecimenPreparation of the specimen should be done neatly and to a uniform size; this should be done without having any commonalities with the surface or air bubbles. The surface should be smooth and devoid of any contaminants.
    Specimen DimensionUsually 75 mm 75 mm 25 mm (3 x 3 x 1 inches) or similar, according to the type of foam; uniformity of the thickness is necessary to ensure reproducibility.

    How to Interpret ASTM D2842 Test Results and Calculations

    The method presents the findings as the percentage of water absorbed in reference to the original dry weight of the specimen. Lower absorption values indicate high resistance to water ingress, whereas higher percentages reveal possible weaknesses or surface porosity. Manufacturers and engineers use this data to categorize materials for different exposure settings and service duration requirements.

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    ASTM D1622 is the specification of the apparent density of rigid cellular plastics, and ASTM D6226 is the specification of the open cell content of rigid cellular plastics by air pycnometer. 

    Materials Commonly Tested Using D2842

    Manufacturers and testing professionals commonly test rigid polyurethane foams, expanded and extruded polystyrene, phenolic foams, and polyisocyanurate insulation materials using ASTM D2842.

    Industrial Applications – Where It’s Used

    Engineers and quality professionals frequently apply this technique in the certification of insulation materials, packaging assessment, and the layout of marine foams to provide long-term dependability and dimensional stability in wet conditions.

    ASTM D2842 Safety and Best Practices for Lab Testing 

    Operators should use protective gloves and eyewear when working with samples and hot water baths. Maintaining the correct temperature and handling the specimen properly reduces measurement errors, thus providing reproducible results.

    Why ASTM D2842 Matters – Importance and Industry Impact

    ASTM D2842 guarantees the reliability of the material in cases when moisture resistance is essential, product development, regulation, and performance verification. Its adoption assists manufacturers in ensuring uniformity, efficacy, and dependability of consumers in various industrial uses.

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    FAQ

    Where can I get the astm d2842 tested?
    You can share your astm d2842 testing requirements with MaTestLab. MaTestLab has a vast network of material testing laboratories, spread across the USA and Canada. We support your all material testing needs ranging from specific astm d2842 test to various testing techniques.
    Please contact us for a detailed quote for your astm d2842 testing needs. Cost incurred to carry out different astm d2842 testing methodology depends on the type of raw material; number of samples, coupons, or specimens; test conditions, turn around time etc. Costs of some ASTM testing methods start from $100 and the final value depends upon the factors listed above. Please contact us for the best and latest prices.
    The required number of samples or specimens should comply with the procedure given in the astm d2842 standard. However, the MaTestLab operations team can assist you for your special requirements once you share your testing details with us.
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    Updated on September 17, 2026

    Davis Scott
    About Author
    Davis Scott
    Davis Scott is an Electrical and Electronics Engineer specializing in multidisciplinary validation, quality assurance, and comprehensive electro-mechanical testing.
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